|
Battle of Fish Creek, North
West Rebellion
1885, by Fred Curzon
The 8,000-strong Canadian contingent was organized
into three columns. Major-General Middleton took the
main column northward from Qu'Appelle and engaged the
Métis on the South Saskatchewan River at Fish
Creek (shown here). Despite their superior numbers,
Middleton's column was unable to take control of the
coulee. Meanwhile, Lieutenant-Colonel Otter and his
men went northward from Swift Current to Cut Knife Hill
where they were defeated by Chief Poundmaker. Major
General Strange and his men proceeded from Calgary to
Frenchman's Butte where their fight against Chief Big
Bear also ended in a draw.
[more]
Canada's interests in the North West Rebellion were
met head-on by the eastern media with what was considered
instant news coverage (supplied via a recently-completed
telegraph line), souvenir maps of the battlefields,
and picture postcards of the rebel leaders. Many of
the members of the militia recognized the importance
of their presence in the West and kept family and
friends apprised of the situation through their diaries
and letters. These personal accounts, when coupled
with the official photographs, correspondence, reports,
and memoranda of government departments have resulted
in an archival gold mine from which historians have
pieced together a very detailed account of the rebellion.
But we have to ask ourselves, whose history is preserved
in these records? Can the Métis perspective
be reconstructed from the surviving records since
many of the creators of these records openly articulated
deep contempt for the rebel cause? Unfortunately,
we may never find answers to these questions because
much of the memorabilia saved by Métis participants
never made it to an archival institution. Honoré
Jaxon, Louis Riel's secretary during the rebellion,
had always intended to create an Aboriginal library/archives
on land that he owned in Saskatchewan. He even toured
the province in the early decades of the twentieth
century and collected papers, letters, diaries, and
photographs which Métis families willingly
handed over to him knowing the role he played in the
rebellion and his connection to Riel. According to
a report by Allan Levine in the Ottawa Citizen
(January 11, 2000), Jaxon's collection amounted to
some two tons of priceless records. Regrettably, Jaxon's
dream never materialized. His archives was sold for
scrap in December 1951 to pay back-rent when the 91-year-old
was evicted from his New York City apartment. In that
single incident, the memory of an entire generation
of Métis was lost to Canadian history.
|